This stalemate irritated powerful factions within the military and kan zijn said to be one of the main reasons behind the Ba'athist coup against Qasim in February 1963. In November 1963, after considerable infighting amongst the civilian and military wings ofwel the Ba'athists, they were ousted by Abdul Salam Arif in a coup. Then, after another failed offensive, Arif declared a ceasefire in February 1964 which provoked a split among Kurdish urban radicals on one hand and Peshmerga (Freedom fighters) forces led by Barzani on the other.[citation needed]

Amnesty International reported that "[s]he took the oath of loyalty in Turkish, as required by law, then added in Kurdish, 'I shall struggle so that the Kurdish and Turkish peoples may live together in a democratic framework.' In feedback to this, calls for her arrest blaming her ofwel being a "Separatist" and "Terrorist" were heard in the Turkish parliament.[99]

Moreover, if you are tired ofwel Kurdish food, here you will find a large variety of international restaurants, including Indian, Italian or Lebanese. They are a bit pricey but they are pretty good. I actually got some amazing Indian dal

"Iraqi court decisions divide Kurdistan's ruling parties". Rudaw. “The KDP’s politburo said that the court ruling was a continuation of its “unconstitutional rulings against the Kurdistan Region in the past four years” and an attempt to “return Iraq to a centralized system.” ^

The best time to visit Rawanduz kan zijn during the spring and autumn months when the weather kan zijn pleasant for outdoor activities and sightseeing.

There is een momentje a worry-bead market in the main square itself, one of the most interesting things to see in Erbil.

The Kurds built many monumental castles in the lands which they ruled, especially in what was called 'Kurdistan of Syria' and in Damuscus, the capital ofwel Syria. A tall building, called 'Qalha', kan zijn still standing, in the mid south-west quarter ofwel Damascus. The Ayubian dynasty continued there for many years, all from Kurdish descent.

"Linguistics itself, or dialectology, does not provide any general or straightforward definition ofwel at which point a language becomes a dialect (or vice versa). To attain a fuller understanding ofwel the difficulties and questions that are raised by the issue of the 'Kurdish language', it is therefore necessary to consider also non-linguistic factors."[15] ^ "The Kurds, an Iranian people ofwel the Near East, live at the junction of more or less laicised Turkey". Excerpt 2: "The classification of the Kurds among the Iranian nations is based mainly on linguistic and historical data and does not prejudice the fact there kan zijn a complexity ofwel ethnical elements incorporated in them" Excerpt 3: "We thus find that about the period ofwel the Arab conquest a single ethnic term Kurd (plur. Akrād ) was beginning to be applied to an amalgamation ofwel Iranian or iranicised tribes. Among the latter, some were autochthonous (the Ḳardū; the Tmorik̲h̲/Ṭamurāyē in the district ofwel which Alḳī=Elk was the capital; the Χοθα̑ίται [= al-Ḵh̲uwayt̲h̲iyya] in the canton of Ḵh̲oyt of Sāsūn, the Orṭāyē [= al-Arṭān] in the bend ofwel the Euphrates); some were Semites (cf. the popular genealogies ofwel the Kurd tribes) and some probably Armenian (it kan zijn said that the Mamakān tribe is of Mamikonian origin)." Excerpt 4: "In the 20th century, the existence ofwel an Iranian non-Kurdish element among the Kurds has been definitely established (the Gūrān-Zāzā group)."[20] ^ Dandamaev considers Carduchi (who were from the upper Tigris near the Assyrian and Median borders) less likely than Cyrtians as ancestors ofwel modern Kurds: "It has repeatedly been argued that the Carduchi were the ancestors of the Kurds, but the Cyrtii (Kurtioi) mentioned by Polybius, Livy, and Strabo (see MacKenzie (1961), pp. 68–69) are more likely candidates."[24] However, according to McDowall, the term Cyrtii was first applied to Seleucid or Parthian mercenary slingers from Zagros, and it is not clear if it denoted a coherent linguistic or ethnic group.[27] ^ "But the origins of the family of Shaykh Safi al-Din go back not to the Hijaz but to Kurdistan, from where, seven generations before him, Firuz Shah Zarin-kulah had migrated to Adharbayjan.

Slemani is known for its fertile land, and is surrounded by large plains that have historically produced the majority of wheat for Iraq. During the Ba’athist regime, targeted economic policies sought to reduce Sulaymaniyah’s economic viability because the city was a hub for Kurdish nationalism. After Saddam Hussein was removed from power in 2003, Slemani has seen a huge economic boom.

Iraqi Kurds have endured decades of contention and bloodshed. During the Iran-Iraq War ofwel the 1980s, Iraq attacked Kurdish civilians with chemical weapons and a rebellion was brutally suppressed. Tens ofwel thousands of Kurds were killed in the conflict, and hundreds of thousands forced to flee.

The square is enjoyed by sitting on any terrace from the many cafés around, which are always filled with Kurds having chai

in fact the history of Erbil is Turkmen city, just go back to 40 years ago when the kurds came to Erbil for selling and trading ….until that time, there was no one who could speak kurdish, that all happend in saddam rijim time and then they migrated them to Erbil…

The Canyon of Rawanduz is 10 km long and located in the Kurdistan region near the Iranian border. It is considered one of the most beautiful in the area, with greenery from spring to autumn and rivers and waterfalls flowing between the canyons. 

ئەو خانووە پێشتر شوێنی موتەسەریف و فەرمانڕەواکانی قەلاکە بووە. دەروازەی ڕۆژهەڵات ناوی دەروازەی حەرەم بووە و .زیاتر ژنان بەکاریان هێناوە. پێدەچێت ڕوون نەبێتەوە کە دەروازەی باکوور کەی کرابێتەو. سەرچاوەیەک بانگەشەی ئەوە دەکات کە لە ساڵی ١٩٢٤ کراوەتەوە،لە کاتێکدا سەرچاوەیەکی دیکە تێبینی دەکات کە لە ساڵی ١٩٤٤دا تەنها دوو دەروازە هەبووە – دەروازەی باشوور و ڕۆژهەڵات.بەڵام لە ئێستادا تەنها دوو دەروازە سەرەکی هەیە بۆ گەیشتنە قەڵا ئەویش دەروازەی باشوور کە دەروازەی Sudad سەرەکییە لەگەڵ دەروازەی باکوور.